The Grotto Salamander (Typhlotriton spelaeus) is a species of salamander in the Plethodontidae family. It is monotypic within the genus Typhlotriton. The larvae of this salamander are bold in coloration: brownish or purplish gray, sometimes with yellow flecks on the sides. They have a distinctive high tail fin and external gills. Interestingly, the larvae have functional eyes and may live outside of caves in brooks or streams.
Ten Facts about Grotto Salamander
- Its natural habitats are freshwater springs, inland karsts, and caves.
- They are 3-5 1/4" (7.6-13.5 cm) long.
- Mating occurs from late spring through summer.
- Clutch size from one female was 13.
- After two or three years, the larvae metamorphose.
- Adults feed on aquatic and terrestrial invertebrates, including flies, mosquito larvae and beetles. Isopods, fly larvae, and snails are preferred by larvae.
- Range, Ozark Plateau in s. Missouri, n. Arkansas, and adjacent Kansas and Oklahoma.
- Average life of grotto Salamander is 8-10 years.
- Larvae are likely to be vulnerable to crayfish.
- Found in 1891, the Grotto was the first subterranean salamander discovered in the New World.
